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The Importance of Play
by: Judy Hansen

For children play is naturally enjoyable. And since it is their active engagement in things that interest them play should be child-led or at least child-inspired for it to remain relevant and meaningful to them. Children at play are happily lost in themselves; they are in their own realm of wonder exploration and adventure pulling parents in at times with a frequent “Let’s play mom!” as an open invitation into that world.

As early as infancy children immerse themselves in play activities with the purpose of making sense of the world around them. Play gives children the opportunity to learn and experience things themselves which is vital for their development. Although peek-a-boo games seem pointless to adults tots are awed by the surprise that awaits them as they see the suddenly emerging faces of people they love.

(Stages of Play)

During toddlerhood children experience a motor-growth spurt that equips them to solitarily fiddle with anything they can get their hands on – be it a construction toy or the box from where it came.

Toddlers also love breaking into song wiggling and jiggling to tunes and imitating finger plays they are commonly exposed to.

Preschoolers begin extending their play to involve others whether they bring others in at any stage of their game or they plan their game and its players’ way ahead. Their physical and motor skills allow them to widen their lay arena from dramatic play to table games to outdoor pursuits.

School-age children start appreciating organized play – such as innovated songs and rhymes games with rules relays and other physical activities sports and projects that they can accomplish over a certain time frame.

Play Perks:

Why the big fuss about playing? Play benefits the child in ways that might be a tad difficult for adults to imagine.

1. Play brings pure and utter joy.

A toddler who jumps into an empty box and runs around the house ‘driving a car’ shows the sheer happiness that play brings him or her. When children are asked what they did in school and they answer ‘play’ it is a clear sign that these kids remember a feeling of genuine joy that is captured in this four-letter word.

2. Play fosters socio-emotional learning.

What does a ten-month-old baby who shrieks at the sight of her stuffed toy have in common with a ten-year-old boy who plays basketball with his friends? They both deal with their confidence as they choose to embark on their play activities. At the same time they are displaying their independence in the decisions that they make. These two children are also internalizing social rules in their respective play situations: the baby waits patiently for her stuffed toy to appear while the school-age child has to contend with an impending loss in a ball game.

3. Play hones physical and motor development.

Play often involves the use of the senses the body and the extremities. When children play they exercise their bodies for physical strength fluidity of movement balance and coordination.

Perceptual-motor ability or the capacity to coordinate what you perceive with how you move is an essential skill that preschoolers need to develop. A three-year-old who is engrossed in digging scooping and pouring sand into a container must match his or her perception of the space in front of him or her with actual hand movements so that he or she can successfully fulfill the motor activity.

4. Play facilitates cognitive learning.

Play is vital to the intellectual development of a child. We live in a symbolic world in which people need to decode words actions and numbers.

For young children symbols do not naturally mean anything because they are just arbitrary representations of actual objects. The role of play is for the child to understand better cognitive concepts in ways that are enjoyable real concrete and meaningful to them. For instance through play a child is able to comprehend that the equation 3 + 2 = 5 means ‘putting together’ his toy cars by lining them up in his makeshift parking lot. When he combines 2 triangles to make a square during block play or writes down his score is a bowling game the child is displaying what he knows about shapes and numbers.

Through play the child is constructing his or her worldview by constantly working and reworking his understanding of concepts.

5. Play enhances language development.

Toddlers who are still grappling with words need to be immersed in oral language so they can imitate what they hear. They benefit from songs and rhymes that provide the basis for understanding how language works.

When these tots are playing with toys adults model to them how language is used to label objects or describe an event. At play preschoolers use language to interact communicate ideas and likewise learn from dialogues with more mature members of society.

6. Play encourages creativity.

Barney the dinosaur was right about using imagination to make things happen. A lump of Play-Doh suddenly turns into spaghetti with meat sauce and cheese; a small towel transforms into a cape that completes a superhero’s wardrobe; and a tin can serves as a drum that accompanies an aspiring rock artist. Play opens an entire avenue for children to express themselves show what they know and how they feel and to create their own masterpieces.

7. Play provides bonding opportunities.

Play is an important factor in child development. It provides for interaction experimentation and moral development. Here are some ways by which parents can encourage and support their children’s playtime.

- Let your child be the player-leader. Let children initiate their activity set their own theme choose the parameters where the play will take place. Play becomes a venue for children to express their feelings and be in control.

- Help them help themselves. When your 5-year-old asks for help say figuring out how to piece a puzzle together stop yourself from coming to her rescue and first ask your child questions that allow him or her to help himself or herself. Say “Where do you think this piece should go?” Afterward commend his or her success.

- Play attention. Once you make a commitment to play with your child watch for the following signals: Does he or she want you to actively play a part in the activity? Does he or she need encouragement? Is he or she tired or hungry? Does he or she need to take a break?

- Have a play plan. If you seem to have little time for playing with your child consider using self-care chores to have fun with him or her. Also get support from other people in your household like older siblings household help or the child’s grandparents so that they understand why play is important and how they should continue to encourage it.

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The A-Z of Global Warming: Deforestation
by: Simon Rosser





Deforestation is basically the loss or destruction of forest habitat primarily as a result of the action of human beings.

It is the single largest source of land- use greenhouse gas emissions and accounts for around 18 -20% of global greenhouse gas emissions.

We know from a previous article trees and vegetation act as sinks or stores for carbon dioxide one of the most important greenhouse gases. Stored carbon taken out of the atmosphere by photosynthesis through decades of growth is released back into the atmosphere as vegetation and trees are cut down and burnt or as unburned organic matter slowly dies. This process contributes to atmospheric CO2 levels.

The Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) who are the leading source for information on the status of the worlds forests define forests as "land with a tree canopy of greater than 10% and an area of more than half a hectare". The organisation defines deforestation as " the conversion of forest to another land use or long term reduction of the tree canopy cover below the minimum 10% threshold."

Land change and co2.

Land use changes are driven almost entirely by emissions caused through deforestation which is highly concentrated in a few countries. Indonesia contributes approximately 30% of land use CO2 emissions with Brazil around 20%. It is estimated that about 80000 acres or 32000 hectares are being lost every day. This is the *****alent of about 117000 km2 (45173 sq miles) each year.

Total world rainforest cover is now about 6 million km2 (2316602 sq miles) which equates to about 5% of Earth's land surface. Only a few thousand years ago rainforests covered about 12% of the worlds land surface around 15.5 million km2 (6 million sq miles). A quick calculation reveals that if forest cover is being lost at the rate of 117000 km2 a year then it will only take in the region of 51 years for the world's rainforests to be destroyed! (6000000 divided by 117000).

Destruction at this level would lead to the release of vast amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere further thickening the CO2 "blanket" that surrounds our planet and no doubt lead to an increased warming of the atmosphere.

Between 2000 and 2006 Brazil lost nearly 150000km2 (57915 sq miles) of forest an area the size of Greece and since 1970 over 600000 km2 (231660 sq miles) has been destroyed.

It is now estimated that almost 20% of the Amazon has been destroyed which is considerably alarming when one considers that the Amazon rainforest represents about 50% of the worlds tropical rainforests.

There are various causes for deforestation and they include Cattle ranching Activities of farmers fires mining and road construction and of course logging and commercial agriculture.

It's not entirely fair to blame the developing nations for all the deforestation however. Whilst countries like Brazil and Indonesia may be the main culprits now up until the early 20th Century emissions of CO2 through land use changes came from developed nations. It's a natural step for developing nations to clear forest-land for agriculture and habitation. The fact is that as developed nations have already deforested many areas long ago there is more pressure on developing nations to preserve what is left. Of course population growth is another major factor which will be discussed in a later chapter. Another significant point is that trees in topical forests typically hold on average about 50% more carbon per hectare than trees outside the tropics. Therefore deforestation in these areas causes greater amounts of CO2 to be released into the atmosphere than deforestation outside of the tropics.

Future of the forests.

Remarkably when talking about land use change emissions countries such as the USA Europe and China were in the year 2000 net absorbers of CO2 as a result of their aforestation (planting new forests) and reforestation (re establishing old forest areas) programs. However the planting of one tree does not offset the damage caused by the removal of another as trees absorb CO2 very slowly. It could take 100 years for a growing tree to recover all the CO2 released when a mature tree is cut down!. For this reason carbon offset programs which suggest planting a tress to offset co2 produced are pretty worthless due to the time it would take for that tree to remove co2 from the atmosphere.

There is some good news however as in 2006 the Brazilian government announced a sharp drop in deforestation. Loss for the year 2005/6 was 13100 km2 (5057 sq miles) down more than 40% from the year before. Its too early to say whether this is a declining trend or just one good year out of the pervious eight where deforestation levels were all in excess of 16000 km2 (6177 sq miles).

As the worlds forests are being destroyed huge amounts of CO2 are being released back into the atmosphere. The forests that were once able to absorb and store this potent greenhouse gas will no longer be standing which will push CO2 levels up higher thereby contributing to the warming of Earth's climate.


Copyright (c) 2008 Simon Rosser

SCOGOSTOLOGY-POLITICALOGY: Jewish Support Crucial For Obama's Nomination And Victory In General Election
by: Scogostology

OBAMANISM IS THE CURE FOR CLINTONITIS AND MIDDLE EAST STRIFE.

Obamanism is the cure for Clintonitis that has devastated America and I hope Jews all over US rally around Obama and support him to win both the nomination and the Presidency because after he wins he would help the Jews and Israel as well as settle the Middle East problems.

However if Jews betray Obama and he loses Africans worldwide would consider it a betrayal to the whole African people and will never forgive world Jewry.

In retaliation (eye for eye remember!) Africa would consider expelling all Jews from Africa who have been mining African Gold and Diamond and enriching themselves for many centuries.

It was African gold and diamond that built international finance trade and banking that the Jews (Rothschild Warbug Rockefeller and others) dominate.

It was African gold and diamond that built Jewish banks and wealth worldwide.

Thousands of years ago when Jews were starving and nearly perished in Palestine they took refuge in Egypt Africa.

If Egypt and Africa did not feed the Jews perhaps there would be no Jews today.

Jews also took all Egyptian and African science technology and religious knowledge that have helped them to develop themselves and to get to where they are today: on top of most of the industries and corporations all over the world.

Jews owe Africa and Africans everything they have today because if Africa did not shelter them when they were homeless and starving they would not be here today.

If Africa did not give them their religion Judaism and science and technology of the ancient astronaut Anunnaki’s gods they probably would have not prospered.

If Jews betray Africans by betraying Obama there would be grave consequences that would shake the foundation of Earth.

Let Jews remember who their best friend is!

Hundreds of years ago during the Inquisition in Europe the Catholic Church slaughtered Jews in Spain and all over Europe and forced most of them to convert to Christianity to stay alive.

Moreover during World war 2 Hitler and his Nazi regime gassed and slaughtered them too.

When they escaped to America they met opposition and discrimination everywhere.

They had to hustle to survive.

Again Africa helped them by allowing them to continue mining all their gold and diamond.

African gold and diamond are the foundation of the wealth of world Jewry.

Abraham Foxman we hope you remember that!

The only people who have been nice to Jews have been Africans.

It is now payback time and Africans hope you would not bite the hands that fed you and made you rich and the envy of the world today.

Billary is divisive cannot beat senator McCain!!!

During their 30 yrs in Politics they never solved even one single problem despite all their experience and slick Willie’s ingenuity.

The best things that they gave America were endless scandals and the destruction of American reputation all over the world.
(Sex and drugs in the White House)

This empowered terrorists to attack America because they felt America had become weak and an easy target.

Does anyone still remember 9/11???

McCain is a nice man. Great man. War Hero! Very respectable and likable man.

But he is too old. He has no juice or fire. He has no agenda to fix American problems.

The only issue he is passionate about is Iraqi war and he plans to keep America in Iraq for 100 yrs while American economy and Americans keep suffering and languishing as India China Japan Korea and Singapore keep progressing and are now manufacturing and exporting all the consumer goods needed in America.

It is an outrage that America is now being forced to borrow money from Communist China to buy oil from Saudi Arabia.

Almost all American banks are controlled by Saudi Arabian money invested there.

If they pull their money out American banking system and economy would collapse.

And Hugo Chavez would party all day and night.

America is slowly becoming a nation of consumers and sliding into a third world status.

Osama Bin Laden is still free roaming the world.

They have not arrested him. Why?

But they feel fine squandering trillions of dollars in Iraq while Iran works hard daily to acquire nuclear weapon that they plan to use to wipe Israel out.

Something is very wrong and dreadful with the priorities of American foreign policy.

Billary is part of the problem not the solution and her presidency will be a continuation of her husband’s presidency that was scandal ridden.

She is just a well informed candidate who is capable of crying to get sympathy and votes.

If America puts her in White House whenever there is a crisis she would be crying instead of using her brain to figure out the solution.

Can America afford a President who melts down and cry like a 16 yrs old girl when she is faced with a challenge?

Being the President of America is the most challenging job in the world!!!

To support Billary to become the next President would make America to lose complete respect and it would amount to an open invitation to terrorists all over the world to come back and hit America more.

Has Americans not learned any lessons? Has America not suffered enough?

Does America need more terrorist attacks because their enemies perceive them as weak by putting a crying President in the White House?

She will not have any nerve or ability to solve one problem in America because she is part of the problem part of Washington gridlock with a lot of obligations to special interests and PAC.

Billary have been in politics for 30 yrs.

They should retire because their brains are old and dried up and devoid of any new and fresh ideas.

The only things they are very good in doing are lying playing dirty politics and causing scandals!

If they could not help America for 30 yrs that they were in office they will never do it now that they are older and getting senile.

Enough is enough.

America has suffered enough of Clintonitis.

Americans have spoken loud and clear: they do not want political business as usual that Clintonitis represent.

They want change and they want it fast.

They have chosen and anointed Obama as the agent of change.

He is the new political Messiah who shall continue where JFK stopped.

Americans seem to be in slumber and in complete denial of the present dangerous and volatile world situation.

This is where Jews can help.

By supporting Obama to win they would cure America of Clintonitis and thereby be able to find a permanent solution to the Arab-Jewish problem in the Middle East.

Jews must support Obama or face grave consequences. You cannot afford not to.

Africans have been nice and helped Jews for more than 2000 yrs.

Now I say to Jews all over the world it is time to show your gratitude.

Hope you have enjoyed this article about Barack Obama for USA President Vote for Obama Michelle Obama Hope and change White House next American President super delegates election 2008 campaign American politics Hillary Rod-harm Clinton Bill Clinton Billary Clintonitis Senator John McCain Middle East Problem Iraqi War Iran Nuclear Weapons WMD American veterans American soldiers in Iraq Ikey G-khan Galacticca World Peace WPPM (World Peace And Prosperity Mandate) Scogostology.com SCOGOSTOLOGY-POLITICALOGY Scogostologism Scogos SGS Scogostologist galahuman Galahumanism Christianity Democrats independent voters republicans American politics US Congress American economy tax rebates checks Jewish support for Obama World Jewry Israel American TV stations American media Obama blogs.

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